Scientists have achieved a major breakthrough in xenotransplantation by successfully keeping a monkey alive for over two years with a kidney transplanted from a genetically engineered miniature pig. This accomplishment brings us closer to using animal organs to address the shortage of human organs for transplantation. The study will provide valuable data for regulators considering human trials of non-human organ transplants. However, there are still challenges to overcome, such as mass-producing pigs with extensive genetic editing and ensuring pig organs can withstand the different environment in humans.