The Supreme Court directs the Union government to establish a Delimitation Commission promptly to address the need for increased reserved seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Lok Sabha and state assemblies. This is in response to the addition of numerous communities to the SC and ST lists since the last delimitation exercise in 2001. The court emphasizes the importance of implementing Articles 330 and 332 to ensure adequate political representation. The central government must make a decision without delay, taking into account the Delimitation Act, 2002, and necessary legislative amendments.