The Bengal Partition of 1905 was a British colonial government decision to divide Bengal into East Bengal and Assam with a Muslim majority, and West Bengal with a Hindu majority due to administrative efficiency and their "divide and rule" policy. This move triggered widespread protests and opposition, especially from the Hindu community, leading to the launching of the Swadeshi Movement. Due to strong and widespread opposition, the British government reversed its decision in 1911, reuniting Bengal as a single province, but the communal divide that emerged during this period had lasting consequences.